8.1 - Legacies of Imperialism; 19th-century Transformations
- homogenization
- Growing standardization & uniformity
- People looked more similar in clothing
- western Business Suit
- Names
- Modern nation state needed to keep track of people
- Gave people fixed surnames
- Time
- People would sync clocks
- Railroads made sure everyone would have the same time
- King Leopold II
- Belgium
- Built up Congo
- Encouraged the barbaric rubber trade
- people who did not meet the quota would be amputated
- Cut the population in half
- Joseph Conrad's experience led him to write about it in Heart of Darkness
- Maori
- In New Zealand
- in 1858, a 18 different tribes came together to form a resistance to the British
- mid-nineteenth-century crisis
- Revolutions and rebellions in Europe (1848)
- There were a lot happening at the same time
- Some anti-monarchical, anti-imperial
- Karl Marx & Communist Manifesto
- All failed
- Potato famine
- Taiping Rebellion (see below)
- Revolutions and rebellions in Europe (1848)
- Sati (Sutee)
- Widows in India would throw themselves under their husband's funeral pyre (burning themselves) to demonstrate loyalty
- Sometimes coerced to do so
- Abolished under British colonial rule
- scientific racism
- Sepoy Rebellion (1857 - 1859)
- India
- Barbarism on both sides
- Led to direct British rule of India
- Taiping Rebellion (1850-1864)
- Qing Empire in China
- Christian anti-regime movement
- Led by Hong Xiuquan ("God's Chinese Son")
- He saw God & Jesus Christ in a vision
- Told that he was Jesus's younger brother
- Destined to usher in an era of heavenly peace in China
- Taiping rebels occupied some of the most populous parts of China
- Took 14 years to quell the rebellion
- Left 20 million+ dead
Effects of imperialism: Nationalism
- Home front (Scots became British)
- National resistance
- Groups of people without previous affiliation would come together to resists imperialism
- India, Maori
World trade was 25x higher in 1913 than in 1800