9-18 Lecture

Why do we need nutrients?

• Provide chemical building blocks
• Provide energy

Animals are consumers

• Nutrition from other organisms
• Released by digestion

Food gets digested into usable nutrients which are absorbed into bloodstream. We poop unabsorbable material.

Types of consumers

• Herbivores - eats plants
• Carnivores - eats animals
• Omnivores - eat both plants and animals
• Detritivores - eat dead organic material

Food provide three main nutrients:

• carbs
• fats
• and proteins

Vegetables by themselves cannot provide essential amino acids. Combine grains & legumes.

Micronutrients
Vitamins - organic molecules

• Water soluble
  • Vitamin C and Vitamin B
• Fat soluble
  • Vitamins A, D, E, and K
  • Vitamin D: only vitamin the body manufactures
    Essential minerals - no carbon
    Macrominerals
• Sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorine, potassium, sulfer
• Make up 6% of body weight
  Trace elements
• make up less than 1% of body weight

Metabolism
Physical and chemical reactions that produce and use energy
Speed at which enzymes catalyze reactions

Digestive Enzymes

• Amylas