DNA vs RNA

DNA is double stranded

RNA is single stranded

T becomes U in RNA.

They're made up of nucleotide bases.

DNA -> RNA -> Protein
Transcription, then translation

Transcription

• making RNA
• In the nucleus
• RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region
• RNA polymerase zips down the length of the gene

Translation

• Makes proteins
• In the cytoplasm
• tRNA carries amino acids and matches its anticodon with codons on mRNA

Mutation

• Substitution
• Changes one amino acid

UUA AAA GGA CUA UAA
L K G L STOP
Leu-Lys-Gly-Leu-Stop