9-25 Reading

pp. 98-100 - entry on Cadenza

pp. 111-113 - entry on Ritornello Form

pp. 120-121 - entry on Concerto/Concerto Grosso

p. 140 - entry on Vivaldi

Cadenza

• A performance in which a soloists improvises to show off their skill.
• Most commonly in concertos
• The orchestra pauses to allow for this solo
• Can go on as long as the solosit wants

Ritornello Form

• "This music will return again"
• The inital musical material is presented by a group of instrumentalists
• Then a solo happens
• Then at least part of the first part of the music reappears in the group
• The piece alternates between the solo and the ritornello
• Each solo can be different

Concerto

• A multimovement instrumental genre featuring one solo & orchestra
• Focus in on the interplay between the solo and the orchestra
• Sometimes the orchestra shines, other times the solo shines

Concerto Grossi

• Has a multiple soloists

Vivaldi

• Italian
• Most of career at an orphanage/school for girls
• Genres: Opera, chamber music, known for Concertos
• Operas are not as well known as orchestral music